Vaporizer.



C. F. SCHULZ.

VAPORIZER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-'20, 1911.

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

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CARL IF. SCHULZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

VAPORIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 25, 19116.

Application filed January 20, 1911. Serial No. 603,777.

To all whome't may concern I Be it known that I, CARL F. sorrow, of the city of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to that class of carbureters adapted for heavy hydrocarbon fuels and its object is to provide improved means for vaporizing the fuel to prevent its separation from the air by liquefaction or condensation, and also improved means for automatically regulating the supply of heat to the apparatus.

As shown in the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of the invention and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 22 Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are details.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates a carbureter of any preferred construction but shown provided with a fuel reservoir or float chamber 2 and aninspirator nozzle 3, the air inlet pipe being indicated at 4 and the delivery chamber 5 having a throttle'6 at its entrance. I have shown the carbureter provided with a fuel supply pipe 7 and a draw 0H pipe 8 equipped with a valve. The carbureter is also shown inclosed by a housing 9 in communication through pipe 10 with a radiator or mufller.

The delivery chamber 5 is of peculiar construction. It is designed to conduct the fuel charge to the engine cylinders, as usual, the gas going to such cylinders through ports 12; but the delivery chamber is in the form of a tortuous passage and its walls are surrounded by a spaced-apart casing through which passes a heating agent, as exhaust gas, oil or water, in its travel to a muffler or radiator.

I have designated the casing by the numeral 14 and have shown it coupled to the housing 9. The exhaust gas, water or other element used to effect the heating is supplied at 15 at which point it may be conducted to the casing 14 or to a pipe 16 leading to the muffler or radiator, according to the position of valve 17. By my invention this valve is automatically operated to change the line of direction of the heating means by the thermostatic action of the casing 14, the lowering of the temperature of the latter causing it to contract and shift the'valve to the position shown, while its rise in temperature and consequent expansion moves the valve to stop the supply of heating element to the casing and direct it to the muffler. As appropriate means for accomplishing this purpose I haveshown casing 14 provided with a yoke 18 extending longitudinally thereof and preferably disposed in a plane right angular to that part of the casing inclosing the delivery chamber. At its ends the casing is shown formed with cars 19, 20, adapted to receive the ends 21, 22, respectively of the yoke. A bolt 23 tapped in the end 21 takes against the wall of the casing between ears 19 to bind the yoke to the casing, while the end 22 has fulcrumed thereto a lever 25 between whose short arm 26 and the casing is a pin 27 freely movable within the end 22 but normally in contact at one end with the casing and at the other with short arm 26 of the lever. The long arm 28 of this lever is shown secured to the stem 29 of valve 17. Thus it will be seen that when the parts are in the position shown and the heating element entering at 15 passes through the casing 14 and housing 9 before going to the mufiler, the intense heat acting upon the casing causes it to expand longitudinally and push pin 27 outward, swinging lever 25 andshifting valve 17 so as to divert the heating element into pipe 16. As the temperature of the casing lowers and the latter contracts and releases its pressure upon pin 27 lever 25 will be shifted in the opposite direction under the tension of a spring 30 upon the stem 29. When the heating is efiected by exhaust gas it is desirable to cool the valve chamber as by a water jacket 31. This is not necessary when the heating medium employed is a liquid previously used to cool the engine cylinders.

Practice has demonstrated that although the heavier hydrocarbons may, when thoroughly vaporized, be used as fuel in internal combustion engines, yet the charge will not ignite in a cold engine cylinder, owing to the condensation of the hydrocarbon and its consequent separation from vthe air. Therefore I start the engine with a lighter hydrocrbon fuel such as gasolene and follow this with kerosene.

A feature of my invention is the automatic control of the respective supplies of light and heavy fuel. For thispurpose I have shown the fuel supply pipe 7 leading from nected to the long arm of lever 25 and provided witha turnbuckle 36 to effect the proper adjustment. By this arrangement when the casing 14 is cool, as when the motor is at rest, the positions of levers 25 and 35 is such that gasolene may flow from pipe 33, through the valve and pipe 7, to the float chamber, this supply of light fuel being held ready for starting the engine. When, however, the engine speeds up and casing 14: expands under the action .of the heating element and swings levers 25 and 35 the supply through pipe 33 will be cut off and that through pipe 34 will be established, the latter conducting heavy fuel to pipe 7. When the engine stops for a suiiiciently long time to cool the cylinders the supply of heavy fuel in the float chamber may be drawn off through pipe 8, preparatory to again starting with an initial supply of light fuel.

I claim as my invention 1. In an apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon fuels, the combination with the carbureter and the delivery chamber, of a cas- 1ng inclosing sa1d chamber, means for conducting a heating fluid to said casing, and

means operated by the thermal variations of sa1d casing caused by the heating fluid, for

controlling the supply of heating fluid.

2. In an apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon fuels, the combination with the carbureter and the delivery chamber, of a casing inclosing said chamber, means for'conducting a heatingfluid to the interior of said casing, means operated by the thermal variations of said casing for controlling the supply of heating fluid, a source of light hydrocarbon supply, a source of heavy hydrocarbon supply, and means also operated by the thermal variations of said casing for admitting a hydrocarbon from one of said sources of supply to said carbureter according to the thermal condition of said casing.

3. In an apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon fuels, a carbureter, a delivery chamber, a casing inclosing said chamber, ears on either end of said casing, a yoke having end pieces supported by said ears, a lever fulcrumed on one of said end pieces, means for admitting fluid to said casing, a valve controlling said fluid supply and having its stem connected to said lever, means tending to hold said lever unseated, and a movable pin carried by said end piece to which said lever is fulcrumed, said pin being moved by gine cylinder ports, a delivery-chamber surrounding all of said ports, a casing inclosing v said chamber, a yoke or frame secured to said casing, a lever fulcrumed on said yoke, a pin movable in said yoke and contacting with said casing and an arm of said lever, means for admitting a heating fluid to said casing, a valve controlling said fluid supply and having its stem connected to said lever, and means tending to hold said valve unseated, whereby the expansion of said casing forces said pin against said lever and swings the latter to close said valve. 7

5. In an apparatusof the character described, the combination with the carbureter, sources of light and heavy hydrocarbon, a valve establishing communication between either of said sources and said carbureter, a

plurality of engine cylinder ports, a delivery chamber surrounding all of said ports, a casing inclosing said chamber, means for supplying heating fluid to said casing, and a valve controlling said supply, of a lever mounted adjacent said casing, a connection between said lever and the hydrocarbon supply valve, a connection between said lever and said heating fluid "alve, and means actuated by the expansion and contraction of said casing for shifting said lever and moving said valves.

6; In an apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon fuels, the combination with a fuel reservoir adapted to receive alternately light operated by the expansion of said casing for controlling said heating fluid supply and kindof fuel to said fuel reservoir.

7. In an apparatus of the class described,

the combination of an intake manifold and a carbureter connected thereto, a casing for conducting a heating fluid around said manifold, a plurality vof sources of hydrocarbon fuel, said casing acting thermostatically for changingthe flow of heating'fluid'around said manifold and for changing said car-' bureter from one source of fuel to the other. In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL F. SCHULZ. Witnesses:

B. MUNSON, D. WV. ALLEN. 

